Comparer
Matthieu 12Mt 12 (King James)
1 At that time Jesus went on the sabbath day through the corn; and his disciples were an hungred, and began to pluck the ears of corn and to eat.2 But when the Pharisees saw it, they said unto him, Behold, thy disciples do that which is not lawful to do upon the sabbath day.
3 But he said unto them, Have ye not read what David did, when he was an hungred, and they that were with him;
4 How he entered into the house of God, and did eat the shewbread, which was not lawful for him to eat, neither for them which were with him, but only for the priests?
5 Or have ye not read in the law, how that on the sabbath days the priests in the temple profane the sabbath, and are blameless?
6 But I say unto you, That in this place is one greater than the temple.
7 But if ye had known what this meaneth, I will have mercy, and not sacrifice, ye would not have condemned the guiltless.
8 For the Son of man is Lord even of the sabbath day.
9 And when he was departed thence, he went into their synagogue:
10 And, behold, there was a man which had his hand withered. And they asked him, saying, Is it lawful to heal on the sabbath days? that they might accuse him.
11 And he said unto them, What man shall there be among you, that shall have one sheep, and if it fall into a pit on the sabbath day, will he not lay hold on it, and lift it out?
12 How much then is a man better than a sheep? Wherefore it is lawful to do well on the sabbath days.
13 Then saith he to the man, Stretch forth thine hand. And he stretched it forth; and it was restored whole, like as the other.
14 Then the Pharisees went out, and held a council against him, how they might destroy him.
15 But when Jesus knew it, he withdrew himself from thence: and great multitudes followed him, and he healed them all;
16 And charged them that they should not make him known:
17 That it might be fulfilled which was spoken by Esaias the prophet, saying,
18 Behold my servant, whom I have chosen; my beloved, in whom my soul is well pleased: I will put my spirit upon him, and he shall shew judgment to the Gentiles.
19 He shall not strive, nor cry; neither shall any man hear his voice in the streets.
20 A bruised reed shall he not break, and smoking flax shall he not quench, till he send forth judgment unto victory.
21 And in his name shall the Gentiles trust.
22 Then was brought unto him one possessed with a devil, blind, and dumb: and he healed him, insomuch that the blind and dumb both spake and saw.
23 And all the people were amazed, and said, Is not this the son of David?
24 But when the Pharisees heard it, they said, This fellow doth not cast out devils, but by Beelzebub the prince of the devils.
25 And Jesus knew their thoughts, and said unto them, Every kingdom divided against itself is brought to desolation; and every city or house divided against itself shall not stand:
26 And if Satan cast out Satan, he is divided against himself; how shall then his kingdom stand?
27 And if I by Beelzebub cast out devils, by whom do your children cast them out? therefore they shall be your judges.
28 But if I cast out devils by the Spirit of God, then the kingdom of God is come unto you.
29 Or else how can one enter into a strong man's house, and spoil his goods, except he first bind the strong man? and then he will spoil his house.
30 He that is not with me is against me; and he that gathereth not with me scattereth abroad.
31 Wherefore I say unto you, All manner of sin and blasphemy shall be forgiven unto men: but the blasphemy against the Holy Ghost shall not be forgiven unto men.
32 And whosoever speaketh a word against the Son of man, it shall be forgiven him: but whosoever speaketh against the Holy Ghost, it shall not be forgiven him, neither in this world, neither in the world to come.
33 Either make the tree good, and his fruit good; or else make the tree corrupt, and his fruit corrupt: for the tree is known by his fruit.
34 O generation of vipers, how can ye, being evil, speak good things? for out of the abundance of the heart the mouth speaketh.
35 A good man out of the good treasure of the heart bringeth forth good things: and an evil man out of the evil treasure bringeth forth evil things.
36 But I say unto you, That every idle word that men shall speak, they shall give account thereof in the day of judgment.
37 For by thy words thou shalt be justified, and by thy words thou shalt be condemned.
38 Then certain of the scribes and of the Pharisees answered, saying, Master, we would see a sign from thee.
39 But he answered and said unto them, An evil and adulterous generation seeketh after a sign; and there shall no sign be given to it, but the sign of the prophet Jonas:
40 For as Jonas was three days and three nights in the whale's belly; so shall the Son of man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth.
41 The men of Nineveh shall rise in judgment with this generation, and shall condemn it: because they repented at the preaching of Jonas; and, behold, a greater than Jonas is here.
42 The queen of the south shall rise up in the judgment with this generation, and shall condemn it: for she came from the uttermost parts of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon; and, behold, a greater than Solomon is here.
43 When the unclean spirit is gone out of a man, he walketh through dry places, seeking rest, and findeth none.
44 Then he saith, I will return into my house from whence I came out; and when he is come, he findeth it empty, swept, and garnished.
45 Then goeth he, and taketh with himself seven other spirits more wicked than himself, and they enter in and dwell there: and the last state of that man is worse than the first. Even so shall it be also unto this wicked generation.
46 While he yet talked to the people, behold, his mother and his brethren stood without, desiring to speak with him.
47 Then one said unto him, Behold, thy mother and thy brethren stand without, desiring to speak with thee.
48 But he answered and said unto him that told him, Who is my mother? and who are my brethren?
49 And he stretched forth his hand toward his disciples, and said, Behold my mother and my brethren!
50 For whosoever shall do the will of my Father which is in heaven, the same is my brother, and sister, and mother.
Mt 12 (Stephanus 1550)
1 ἐν ἐκείνῳ τῷ καιρῷ ἐπορεύθη ὁ ἰησοῦς τοῖς σάββασιν διὰ τῶν σπορίμων οἱ δὲ μαθηταὶ αὐτοῦ ἐπείνασαν καὶ ἤρξαντο τίλλειν στάχυας καὶ ἐσθίειν2 οἱ δὲ φαρισαῖοι ἰδόντες εἶπον αὐτῷ ἰδού οἱ μαθηταί σου ποιοῦσιν ὃ οὐκ ἔξεστιν ποιεῖν ἐν σαββάτῳ
3 ὁ δὲ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς οὐκ ἀνέγνωτε τί ἐποίησεν δαβὶδ ὅτε ἐπείνασεν αὐτὸς καὶ οἱ μετ᾽ αὐτοῦ
4 πῶς εἰσῆλθεν εἰς τὸν οἶκον τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ τοὺς ἄρτους τῆς προθέσεως ἔφαγεν ὃυς οὐκ ἐξὸν ἦν αὐτῷ φαγεῖν οὐδὲ τοῖς μετ᾽ αὐτοῦ εἰ μὴ τοῖς ἱερεῦσιν μόνοις
5 ἢ οὐκ ἀνέγνωτε ἐν τῷ νόμῳ ὅτι τοῖς σάββασιν οἱ ἱερεῖς ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ τὸ σάββατον βεβηλοῦσιν καὶ ἀναίτιοί εἰσιν
6 λέγω δὲ ὑμῖν ὅτι τοῦ ἱεροῦ μείζων ἐστιν ὧδε
7 εἰ δὲ ἐγνώκειτε τί ἐστιν ἕλεον θέλω καὶ οὐ θυσίαν οὐκ ἂν κατεδικάσατε τοὺς ἀναιτίους
8 κύριος γάρ ἐστιν καί τοῦ σαββάτου ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου
9 καὶ μεταβὰς ἐκεῖθεν ἦλθεν εἰς τὴν συναγωγὴν αὐτῶν
10 καὶ ἰδού ἄνθρωπος ἦν τὴν χεῖρα ἔχων ξηράν καὶ ἐπηρώτησαν αὐτὸν λέγοντες εἰ ἔξεστιν τοῖς σάββασιν θεραπεύειν ἵνα κατηγορήσωσιν αὐτοῦ
11 ὁ δὲ εἶπεν αὐτοῖς τίς ἔσται ἐξ ὑμῶν ἄνθρωπος ὃς ἕξει πρόβατον ἕν καὶ ἐὰν ἐμπέσῃ τοῦτο τοῖς σάββασιν εἰς βόθυνον οὐχὶ κρατήσει αὐτὸ καὶ ἐγερεῖ
12 πόσῳ οὖν διαφέρει ἄνθρωπος προβάτου ὥστε ἔξεστιν τοῖς σάββασιν καλῶς ποιεῖν
13 τότε λέγει τῷ ἀνθρώπῳ ἕκτεινον τὴν χεῖρά σου καὶ ἐξέτεινεν καὶ ἀποκατεστάθη ὑγιὴς ὡς ἡ ἄλλη
14 οἱ δὲ φαρισαῖοι συμβούλιον ἔλαβον κατ᾽ αὐτοῦ ἐξελθόντες ὅπως αὐτὸν ἀπολέσωσιν
15 ὁ δὲ ἰησοῦς γνοὺς ἀνεχώρησεν ἐκεῖθεν καὶ ἠκολούθησαν αὐτῷ ὄχλοι πολλοί καὶ ἐθεράπευσεν αὐτοὺς πάντας
16 καὶ ἐπετίμησεν αὐτοῖς ἵνα μὴ φανερὸν αὐτὸν ποιήσωσιν
17 ὅπως πληρωθῇ τὸ ῥηθὲν διὰ ἠσαΐου τοῦ προφήτου λέγοντος
18 ἰδού ὁ παῖς μου ὃν ᾑρέτισα ὁ ἀγαπητός μου εἰς ὃν εὐδόκησεν ἡ ψυχή μου θήσω τὸ πνεῦμά μου ἐπ᾽ αὐτόν καὶ κρίσιν τοῖς ἔθνεσιν ἀπαγγελεῖ
19 οὐκ ἐρίσει οὐδὲ κραυγάσει οὐδὲ ἀκούσει τις ἐν ταῖς πλατείαις τὴν φωνὴν αὐτοῦ
20 κάλαμον συντετριμμένον οὐ κατεάξει καὶ λίνον τυφόμενον οὐ σβέσει ἕως ἂν ἐκβάλῃ εἰς νῖκος τὴν κρίσιν
21 καὶ ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι αὐτοῦ ἔθνη ἐλπιοῦσιν
22 τότε προσηνέχθη αὐτῷ δαιμονιζόμενος τυφλὸς καὶ κωφός καὶ ἐθεράπευσεν αὐτόν ὥστε τὸν τυφλὸν καὶ κωφὸν καὶ λαλεῖν καὶ βλέπειν
23 καὶ ἐξίσταντο πάντες οἱ ὄχλοι καὶ ἔλεγον μήτι οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ υἱὸς δαβίδ
24 οἱ δὲ φαρισαῖοι ἀκούσαντες εἶπον οὗτος οὐκ ἐκβάλλει τὰ δαιμόνια εἰ μὴ ἐν τῷ βεελζεβοὺλ ἄρχοντι τῶν δαιμονίων
25 εἰδὼς δὲ ὁ ἰησοῦς τὰς ἐνθυμήσεις αὐτῶν εἶπεν αὐτοῖς πᾶσα βασιλεία μερισθεῖσα καθ᾽ ἑαυτῆς ἐρημοῦται καὶ πᾶσα πόλις ἢ οἰκία μερισθεῖσα καθ᾽ ἑαυτῆς οὐ σταθήσεται
26 καὶ εἰ ὁ σατανᾶς τὸν σατανᾶν ἐκβάλλει ἐφ᾽ ἑαυτὸν ἐμερίσθη πῶς οὖν σταθήσεται ἡ βασιλεία αὐτοῦ
27 καὶ εἰ ἐγὼ ἐν βεελζεβοὺλ ἐκβάλλω τὰ δαιμόνια οἱ υἱοὶ ὑμῶν ἐν τίνι ἐκβάλλουσιν διὰ τοῦτο αὐτοὶ ὑμῶν ἔσονται κριταὶ
28 εἰ δὲ ἐγὼ ἐν πνεύματι θεοῦ ἐκβάλλω τὰ δαιμόνια ἄρα ἔφθασεν ἐφ᾽ ὑμᾶς ἡ βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ
29 ἢ πῶς δύναταί τις εἰσελθεῖν εἰς τὴν οἰκίαν τοῦ ἰσχυροῦ καὶ τὰ σκεύη αὐτοῦ διαρπάσαι ἐὰν μὴ πρῶτον δήσῃ τὸν ἰσχυρόν καὶ τότε τὴν οἰκίαν αὐτοῦ διαρπάσει
30 ὁ μὴ ὢν μετ᾽ ἐμοῦ κατ᾽ ἐμοῦ ἐστιν καὶ ὁ μὴ συνάγων μετ᾽ ἐμοῦ σκορπίζει
31 διὰ τοῦτο λέγω ὑμῖν πᾶσα ἁμαρτία καὶ βλασφημία ἀφεθήσεται τοῖς ἀνθρώποις ἡ δὲ τοῦ πνεύματος βλασφημία οὐκ ἀφεθήσεται τοῖς ἀνθρώποις
32 καὶ ὃς ἂν εἴπῃ λόγον κατὰ τοῦ υἱοῦ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ἀφεθήσεται αὐτῷ ὃς δ᾽ ἂν εἴπῃ κατὰ τοῦ πνεύματος τοῦ ἁγίου οὐκ ἀφεθήσεται αὐτῷ οὔτε ἐν τούτῳ τῷ αἰῶνι οὔτε ἐν τῷ μέλλοντι
33 ἢ ποιήσατε τὸ δένδρον καλὸν καὶ τὸν καρπὸν αὐτοῦ καλόν ἢ ποιήσατε τὸ δένδρον σαπρὸν καὶ τὸν καρπὸν αὐτοῦ σαπρόν ἐκ γὰρ τοῦ καρποῦ τὸ δένδρον γινώσκεται
34 γεννήματα ἐχιδνῶν πῶς δύνασθε ἀγαθὰ λαλεῖν πονηροὶ ὄντες ἐκ γὰρ τοῦ περισσεύματος τῆς καρδίας τὸ στόμα λαλεῖ
35 ὁ ἀγαθὸς ἄνθρωπος ἐκ τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ θησαυροῦ τῆς καρδίας ἐκβάλλει τά ἀγαθά καὶ ὁ πονηρὸς ἄνθρωπος ἐκ τοῦ πονηροῦ θησαυροῦ ἐκβάλλει πονηρά
36 λέγω δὲ ὑμῖν ὅτι πᾶν ῥῆμα ἀργὸν ὃ ἐὰν λαλήσωσιν οἱ ἄνθρωποι ἀποδώσουσιν περὶ αὐτοῦ λόγον ἐν ἡμέρᾳ κρίσεως
37 ἐκ γὰρ τῶν λόγων σου δικαιωθήσῃ καὶ ἐκ τῶν λόγων σου καταδικασθήσῃ
38 τότε ἀπεκρίθησαν τινες τῶν γραμματέων καὶ φαρισαίων λέγοντες διδάσκαλε θέλομεν ἀπὸ σοῦ σημεῖον ἰδεῖν
39 ὁ δὲ ἀποκριθεὶς εἶπεν αὐτοῖς γενεὰ πονηρὰ καὶ μοιχαλὶς σημεῖον ἐπιζητεῖ καὶ σημεῖον οὐ δοθήσεται αὐτῇ εἰ μὴ τὸ σημεῖον ἰωνᾶ τοῦ προφήτου
40 ὥσπερ γὰρ ἦν ἰωνᾶς ἐν τῇ κοιλίᾳ τοῦ κήτους τρεῖς ἡμέρας καὶ τρεῖς νύκτας οὕτως ἔσται ὁ υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ τῆς γῆς τρεῖς ἡμέρας καὶ τρεῖς νύκτας
41 ἄνδρες νινευῖται ἀναστήσονται ἐν τῇ κρίσει μετὰ τῆς γενεᾶς ταύτης καὶ κατακρινοῦσιν αὐτήν ὅτι μετενόησαν εἰς τὸ κήρυγμα ἰωνᾶ καὶ ἰδού πλεῖον ἰωνᾶ ὧδε
42 βασίλισσα νότου ἐγερθήσεται ἐν τῇ κρίσει μετὰ τῆς γενεᾶς ταύτης καὶ κατακρινεῖ αὐτήν ὅτι ἦλθεν ἐκ τῶν περάτων τῆς γῆς ἀκοῦσαι τὴν σοφίαν σολομῶντος καὶ ἰδού πλεῖον σολομῶντος ὧδε
43 ὅταν δὲ τὸ ἀκάθαρτον πνεῦμα ἐξέλθῃ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου διέρχεται δι᾽ ἀνύδρων τόπων ζητοῦν ἀνάπαυσιν καὶ οὐχ εὑρίσκει
44 τότε λέγει ἐπιστρέψω εἰς τὸν οἶκόν μου ὅθεν ἐξῆλθον καὶ ἐλθὸν εὑρίσκει σχολάζοντα σεσαρωμένον καὶ κεκοσμημένον
45 τότε πορεύεται καὶ παραλαμβάνει μεθ᾽ ἑαυτοῦ ἑπτὰ ἕτερα πνεύματα πονηρότερα ἑαυτοῦ καὶ εἰσελθόντα κατοικεῖ ἐκεῖ καὶ γίνεται τὰ ἔσχατα τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ἐκείνου χείρονα τῶν πρώτων οὕτως ἔσται καὶ τῇ γενεᾷ ταύτῃ τῇ πονηρᾷ
46 ἕτι δὲ αὐτοῦ λαλοῦντος τοῖς ὄχλοις ἰδού ἡ μήτηρ καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοὶ αὐτοῦ εἱστήκεισαν ἔξω ζητοῦντες αὐτῷ λαλῆσαι
47 εἶπεν δέ τις αὐτῷ ἰδού ἡ μήτηρ σου καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοί σου ἔξω ἑστήκασιν ζητοῦντές σοι λαλῆσαι
48 ὁ δὲ ἀποκριθεὶς εἶπεν τῷ εἰπόντι αὐτῷ τίς ἐστιν ἡ μήτηρ μου καὶ τίνες εἰσὶν οἱ ἀδελφοί μου
49 καὶ ἐκτείνας τὴν χεῖρα αὐτοῦ ἐπὶ τοὺς μαθητὰς αὐτοῦ εἶπεν ἰδού ἡ μήτηρ μου καὶ οἱ ἀδελφοί μου
50 ὅστις γὰρ ἂν ποιήσῃ τὸ θέλημα τοῦ πατρός μου τοῦ ἐν οὐρανοῖς αὐτός μου ἀδελφὸς καὶ ἀδελφὴ καὶ μήτηρ ἐστίν
Mt 12 (Vulgate)
1 In illo tempore abiit Jesus per sata sabbato : discipuli autem ejus esurientes cœperunt vellere spicas, et manducare.2 Pharisæi autem videntes, dixerunt ei : Ecce discipuli tui faciunt quod non licet facere sabbatis.
3 At ille dixit eis : Non legistis quid fecerit David, quando esuriit, et qui cum eo erant :
4 quomodo intravit in domum Dei, et panes propositionis comedit, quos non licebat ei edere, neque his qui cum eo erant, nisi solis sacerdotibus ?
5 aut non legistis in lege quia sabbatis sacerdotes in templo sabbatum violant, et sine crimine sunt ?
6 Dico autem vobis, quia templo major est hic.
7 Si autem sciretis, quid est : Misericordiam volo, et non sacrificium : numquam condemnassetis innocentes :
8 dominus enim est Filius hominis etiam sabbati.
9 Et cum inde transisset, venit in synagogam eorum.
10 Et ecce homo manum habens aridam, et interrogabant eum, dicentes : Si licet sabbatis curare ? ut accusarent eum.
11 Ipse autem dixit illis : Quis erit ex vobis homo, qui habeat ovem unam, et si ceciderit hæc sabbatis in foveam, nonne tenebit et levabit eam ?
12 Quanto magis melior est homo ove ? itaque licet sabbatis benefacere.
13 Tunc ait homini : Extende manum tuam. Et extendit, et restituta est sanitati sicut altera.
14 Exeuntes autem pharisæi, consilium faciebant adversus eum, quomodo perderent eum.
15 Jesus autem sciens recessit inde : et secuti sunt eum multi, et curavit eos omnes :
16 et præcepit eis ne manifestum eum facerent.
17 Ut adimpleretur quod dictum est per Isaiam prophetam, dicentem :
18 [Ecce puer meus, quem elegi, dilectus meus, in quo bene complacuit animæ meæ. Ponam spiritum meum super eum, et judicium gentibus nuntiabit.
19 Non contendet, neque clamabit, neque audiet aliquis in plateis vocem ejus :
20 arundinem quassatam non confringet, et linum fumigans non extinguet, donec ejiciat ad victoriam judicium :
21 et in nomine ejus gentes sperabunt.]
22 Tunc oblatus est ei dæmonium habens, cæcus, et mutus, et curavit eum ita ut loqueretur, et videret.
23 Et stupebant omnes turbæ, et dicebant : Numquid hic est filius David ?
24 Pharisæi autem audientes, dixerunt : Hic non ejicit dæmones nisi in Beelzebub principe dæmoniorum.
25 Jesus autem sciens cogitationes eorum, dixit eis : Omne regnum divisum contra se desolabitur : et omnis civitas vel domus divisa contra se, non stabit.
26 Et si Satanas Satanam ejicit, adversus se divisus est : quomodo ergo stabit regnum ejus ?
27 Et si ego in Beelzebub ejicio dæmones, filii vestri in quo ejiciunt ? ideo ipsi judices vestri erunt.
28 Si autem ego in Spiritu Dei ejicio dæmones, igitur pervenit in vos regnum Dei.
29 Aut quomodo potest quisquam intrare in domum fortis, et vasa ejus diripere, nisi prius alligaverit fortem ? et tunc domum illius diripiet.
30 Qui non est mecum, contra me est ; et qui non congregat mecum, spargit.
31 Ideo dico vobis : Omne peccatum et blasphemia remittetur hominibus, Spiritus autem blasphemia non remittetur.
32 Et quicumque dixerit verbum contra Filium hominis, remittetur ei : qui autem dixerit contra Spiritum Sanctum, non remittetur ei, neque in hoc sæculo, neque in futuro.
33 Aut facite arborem bonam, et fructum ejus bonum : aut facite arborem malam, et fructum ejus malum : siquidem ex fructu arbor agnoscitur.
34 Progenies viperarum, quomodo potestis bona loqui, cum sitis mali ? ex abundantia enim cordis os loquitur.
35 Bonus homo de bono thesauro profert bona : et malus homo de malo thesauro profert mala.
36 Dico autem vobis quoniam omne verbum otiosum, quod locuti fuerint homines, reddent rationem de eo in die judicii.
37 Ex verbis enim tuis justificaberis et ex verbis tuis condemnaberis.
38 Tunc responderunt ei quidam de scribis et pharisæis, dicentes : Magister, volumus a te signum videre.
39 Qui respondens ait illis : Generatio mala et adultera signum quærit : et signum non dabitur ei, nisi signum Jonæ prophetæ.
40 Sicut enim fuit Jonas in ventre ceti tribus diebus, et tribus noctibus, sic erit Filius hominis in corde terræ tribus diebus et tribus noctibus.
41 Viri Ninivitæ surgent in judicio cum generatione ista, et condemnabunt eam : quia pœnitentiam egerunt in prædicatione Jonæ, et ecce plus quam Jonas hic.
42 Regina austri surget in judicio cum generatione ista, et condemnabit eam : quia venit a finibus terræ audire sapientiam Salomonis, et ecce plus quam Salomon hic.
43 Cum autem immundus spiritus exierit ab homine, ambulat per loca arida, quærens requiem, et non invenit.
44 Tunc dicit : Revertar in domum meam, unde exivi. Et veniens invenit eam vacantem, scopis mundatam, et ornatam.
45 Tunc vadit, et assumit septem alios spiritus secum nequiores se, et intrantes habitant ibi : et fiunt novissima hominis illius pejora prioribus. Sic erit et generationi huic pessimæ.
46 Adhuc eo loquente ad turbas, ecce mater ejus et fratres stabant foris, quærentes loqui ei.
47 Dixit autem ei quidam : Ecce mater tua, et fratres tui foris stant quærentes te.
48 At ipse respondens dicenti sibi, ait : Quæ est mater mea, et qui sunt fratres mei ?
49 Et extendens manum in discipulos suos, dixit : Ecce mater mea, et fratres mei.
50 Quicumque enim fecerit voluntatem Patris mei, qui in cælis est, ipse meus frater, et soror, et mater est.
La versification des traductions pouvant varier, l'alignement ne correspond parfois pas à la même phrase.
Afficher une version unique pour accéder aux notes et références croisées